What are core-spun and covered yarns?

Core-spun and covered yarns are two types of composite yarns, each made by combining different fibers or yarns to enhance specific properties like strength, texture, or elasticity.

1. Core-Spun Yarns:
   Core-spun yarns are made by spinning fibers around a central core filament. The core is typically made from a strong, durable material like polyester or nylon, and the outer fibers, which can be cotton, wool, or other fibers, are spun around it. The core provides strength and elasticity, while the outer fibers give the yarn a soft texture and the desired appearance.
   Key Characteristics of Core-Spun Yarns:
2. Covered Yarns:
   Covered yarns are made by wrapping or covering a central elastic filament (usually made of spandex or elastane) with one or more layers of non-elastic yarns. The covering yarns are usually made from materials like nylon, polyester, or cotton. This structure provides stretch and recovery properties, with the covering yarns giving the fabric a soft and smooth feel.
   Key Characteristics of Covered Yarns:
   • Structure: Composed of an elastic core (such as spandex) covered by one or more layers of non-elastic fibers.
   • Stretch and Recovery: The core filament provides significant stretch and recovery, making these yarns ideal for garments that require elasticity.
   • Softness and Texture: The covering yarns provide softness and can be dyed or finished to give different textures or colors.
   • Common Uses: Commonly used in lingerie, activewear, tights, and socks, where flexibility, stretch, and comfort are essential.

Summary:

• Core-spun yarns have a strong, durable core (often synthetic) surrounded by softer spun fibers (often natural), offering strength, elasticity, and texture.
• Covered yarns consist of an elastic core (usually spandex or elastane) wrapped in non-elastic fibers, providing stretch, recovery, and softness.

Both types of yarns are essential in creating fabrics with specialized characteristics, particularly in activewear, stretch fabrics, and performance textiles.